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Up until now, leadership scholars and practitioners have mainly focused on the personheading the team or organization, and her or his relationship with followers. Thisapproach emphasizes a vertical influence-related process (i.e. top-down) in which subordinates are controlled, influenced and managed by a single individual leader.Over many decades, this was the prevalent paradigm in the leadership field (Pearceand Conger, 2003, p. 1). An emergent approach suggests that leadership is an activity that can be shared or distributed among members of a group or organization (Pearce and Conger, 2003, p. 2). This opens up new lines of thinking about informal leadership(Fletcher and Kau¨ fer, 2003) in organizations where people are empowered to makedecisions concerning their own tasks at work and implement them (Conger andKanungo, 1988).Texto Integral